Everything you always wanted to know about energy but were afraid to ask


 

CORNWALL — We’ve all heard lately about compact fluorescent light bulbs (CFLs) and how using them in place of incandescent bulbs can cut electric bills. We’ve also heard the incredible reduction in energy usage that would result if everyone did it.

Whether or not there is an "energy crisis," there seems to be little debate that we can always do better when it comes to conserving energy.

Making that change requires two distinct approaches, according to Roger Liddell, an energy expert who presented a workshop at the Cornwall Library March 8. The workshop was sponsored by the Cornwall Energy Task Force and the library.

An investment analyst for 35 years on Wall Street, the Salisbury resident is involved with writing public policy and is a self-styled energy activist. His knowledge is gleaned from years of in-depth research of utility companies as investments.

Liddell presented a workshop in two parts, charting those two approaches.

One is to do what we can in our homes and businesses. That includes everything from adding weather-stripping and replacing bulbs and old appliances, to investing in solar voltaic systems and clean-energy production by purchasing power from those providers.

The other is to educate ourselves and understand the global issues, and uncover the untruths so we can be voices for change. Public policy is what will drive the future of energy use.

Several years ago, Liddell made an unusual gift to his alma mater, The Hotchkiss School in Lakeville. He gave the school 1,000 CFL bulbs, setting a new standard at the boarding school.

His rather unique approach extends to his presentation on energy. He debunks the stereotype of businesses versus the environment. He says that in the midst of plans to build 110 new coal-fired plants, the average U. S. power plant operates at only 50 percent capacity. He talks about "price signals" that are the key to not squandering energy and how we have to stop putting billions of dollars each year into 1880s technology — as in Thomas Edison’s light bulb design.


Refrigerator eats man


He says that if your refrigerator is more than 10 years old, it’s eating you alive.

The keys to effecting real change, according to Liddell, are internalizing the costs of producing energy and doing an analysis of individual energy usage. The latter requires a change to electric bills that are, currently, indecipherable.

"Our electric bills have ended up being like tax bills. They are too big and we can’t understand them. There are rows and rows of information on the back of the bill that describe rates, but you need a calculator to figure out what rate you’re paying."

Internalizing costs means making energy producers and those who use that energy responsible for all costs.

"External costs are those created by industry and paid for by society. An example would be a new power plant built without scrubbers in a dirty hole in New York State. It’s similar to the fight over the cement plant. We would be downwind and get all those airborne pollutants.

"They would cost us in health. Our homes would need painting more often. Our property would suffer. Yet people in New York would get cheaper electricity. It’s bad public policy. We need those costs to be borne by the electric company and the rate payers."

Some approaches are so simple and effective, Liddell said only a lack of knowledge can explain why they are not used everywhere.

He offers statistics that show metering water, as opposed to tax-based bills, dramatically reduces use. In one multi-family residential setting, a common meter was installed. Use dropped by as much as 27 percent. When individual meters were installed, use dropped as much as 39 percent.

"When other people are basically subsidizing the cost, people will stand in the shower a lot longer than when they are held accountable for their own consumption. They have the choice to squander or not, but only their bill will go up if they do. "

Squandering may seem a harsh term, but it’s something most of us do everyday without realizing it. The biggest culprit is what Liddell called the "vampire load."

Basically, everything electronic, from the television to the clock on the microwave is using energy continuously. Even when they’re turned off.

"I was startled to learn that a plasma screen TV uses about $400 per year when its not turned on," Liddell said. "Your TV is using energy just sitting there because it has to be ready to recognize the signal from your remote to turn itself on."


The power strip approach


Liddell’s suggestion: Plug electronics — the television, the DVD player, the microwave oven— into a power strip. Then turn off the power switch whenever the devices are not in use. Not just on vacations, but every day.

By far the biggest, non-human, energy-wasting culprit in our homes is the unassuming refrigerator. Pet hair and dust gets sucked into the fan from underneath and the appliance runs inefficiently. Something breaks, but the compressor still runs and wastes power. Our food is still cold, so we are none the wiser.

Liddell’s suggestion: Regular cleaning, and lower temperature settings in the winter. Check door seals using a dollar bill. If it can be easily pulled from between the seals of a closed door, you’re wasting energy.

Most importantly, if it was made before the year 2000, replace it. Energy standards have changed so dramatically since then, it’s well worth the cost of buying a new one.

"And resist the urge to put an old refrigerator in the garage. It ends up costing about $500 per year to keep that watermelon and six-pack cold."

Anyone can map energy use with a Kill-A-Watt device. Plug anything into it to determine actual kilowatt usage. Caution: Results can be surprising.

"When you have the costs figured out, you can decide what you’re going to do. Sometimes it’s about deciding if something is worth the cost."

Kill-A-Watt meters are available for loan at the Cornwall Library. The energy task force has ordered a shipment and will make them available for purchase. They are also available at Radio Shack online.

Peak use is a huge global issue, Liddell said. People don’t understand it, so they don’t how to take advantage of it. For a nearly real-time look at energy use in New England, he suggests the Connecticut Valley Electric Exchange Web site CVX.com.

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