Just because it's common doesn't mean it's natural


Painful periods are a problem for many women. Often, they experience menstrual pain although gynecological evaluations have found no cause. However, just because menstrual pain is usual or common does not mean that it is necessary, unavoidable, or even healthy.

The medical term for painful periods is dysmenorrhea —


dyscoming from the Greek word for difficult, painful, or abnormal; menomeaning month; and Å“rrheameaning flow. There are several factors that may contribute to dysmenorrhea.

 

Natural chemicals, called prostaglandins, which are produced by the inflammatory cascade in the body, seem to be commonly associated with dysmenorrhea. A specific family of prostaglandins (series 2) and especially one member of that family (F2alpha) has been found to be elevated in many women experiencing painful periods.

How do these prostaglandins and other natural chemicals cause menstrual pain? It seems these substances send signals that encourage the muscles in the uterus to tighten or contract. If these increased contractions are sustained, blood flow to the uterus is reduced. Period pain may be due to the contractions causing cramps, or to the reduced blood flow starving the uterus of oxygen, or a combination of the two.

Not all prostaglandins and chemicals of the inflammatory cascade are bad. Other families of prostaglandins (series 1 and 3) are anti-inflammatory and may help to encourage blood flow to the uterus.


What can I do about it?


Pharmaceutical management of dysmenorrhea includes anti-inflammatory drugs that affect prostaglandin levels. Some patients find that their period pain is relieved by birth control pills, indicating that dysmenorrhea may be related to an imbalance in the levels of the hormones, estrogen and progesterone.

Natural therapies for dysmenorrhea address the same physiological factors as pharmaceutical approaches. Dietary choices can affect the production of prostaglandins and the relative levels of estrogen and progesterone.

Series 2 prostaglandins that encourage uterine contraction and reduce blood flow are derived from arachidonic acid. Our bodies naturally make arachidonic acid, but when we consume more in our diet, the levels of arachidonic acid in the body increase. This makes it easier to synthesize series 2 prostaglandins, so their levels increase and the likelihood of menstrual cramps rises.

Arachidonic acid is found in meats and animal products. To be clear, I am not suggesting that all women with dysmenorrhea need to be vegetarian.

However, many will benefit from reducing their intake of meat and animal products while increasing the intake of vegetables, fruits and whole grains.

Other foods will increase the body’s production of the anti-inflammatory and blood-flow encouraging prostaglandins (series 1 and 3). Look to increase the intake of vegetables, whole grains, raw nuts, healthy seeds and vegetable oils (including raw borage oil and evening primrose oil), and cold-water fish and their oils (cod, wild salmon, mackerel, herring, anchovies and sardines).

To help balance hormone levels naturally, the first step is to eat fibrous foods. Fiber helps prevent the reabsorption of metabolized hormones so that the liver does not have to do double duty when working to remove them from the body. Herbs can also be helpful for re-balancing hormones for a healthier menstrual cycle.


Just to be safe


Remember to have a regular gynecological exam. If you are experiencing a sudden change in the amount of menstrual pain or blood flow, or if your symptoms are steadily getting worse, an examination is particularly important.

 


Richard Malik is a naturopathic doctor with a practice in Lakeville offering comprehensive health care for the entire family.

 


 

 

 

 

 

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